The lubrication film required by the seal faces in double (acting) mechanical seals is provided by a higher pressure buffer medium (sealant liquid) that is compatible with the pumped product. The sealant liquid is at a higher-pressure so that any leakage across the seal faces will be the sealant liquid into the pumped product. This buffer serves to separate the product and the atmosphere.
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A pusher mechanical seal utilizes a dynamic secondary seal or o-ring that is responsible for sealing the fluid path between the pump shaft and the inside diameter of the rotating seal face. The secondary seals move axially along a shaft or sleeve to maintain contact at the seal faces, compensating for seal face wear and for any seal wobble due to misalignment.
This is a non-pusher seal design. The secondary seal in a non-pusher design does not have to move along the shaft or sleeve to maintain seal face contact. The bellows itself provides the necessary spring loading for seal face contact. Metal bellows provide effective sealing in a wide range of temperatures and use no elastomers.
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Sometimes called "monocoil" or "single coil" design. This type of seal uses a large spring cross section that resist corrosion. Its chief limitations are its tendency to distort at high surface speeds, the large axial and radial space it requires and the need to stock a different size spring for each seal size.
Multiple small springs are not as susceptible to distortion at high speeds as are single coil springs and they consequently exert an even closing pressure on the seal ring at all times.
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A ready-to-install seal cartridge, including all parts of the mechanical seal with the shaft sleeve, casing parts, connection flange and torque transmission element.
Semi-split seals can be mounted or removed radially from the shaft. In contrast to fully-split seals, only the wearing parts of the semi-split seal are split.
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There are several possible tandem configurations such as two single-acting seals placed in succession, three single-acting seals placed in succession (triple tandem) or a combination of single-acting and double-acting seals.
In this double seal configuration, seals are mounted with one seal facing inboard towards the pumped liquid and the other facing toward outboard toward the atmosphere.
This double seal configuration is used with mixers and agitators to overcome problems such as product contamination due to seal movement and leakage caused by shaft deflection. Two seals are mounted concentrically, running against a common rotating seat. The seals are contained in a housing bolted to the top of the mixer or agitator.
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Agitator or mixer seals are often called vessel seals. There are three categories of vessels that these seals are used with: side entry, top entry or bottom entry. Each category poses its own unique sealing problems and solutions.
A dry gas seal, or non-contact seal, utilizes a thin film of gas between the rotating faces for lubrication. The counter ring has spiral grooves in it that force the gas in the exit direction, compressing it, and causing the seal face to lift and the seal to run without contact.
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An outside mounted seal. None of the metal components are in contact with the pumped fluid.
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To keep the packing "dry" the radial pressure on the inner ring must be at least equal to the internal pressure. Some leakage past the rings may be desirable.
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This is the full required range of ambient operating temperature.
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Hydraulic balance refers to the relationship between the pressure of the fluid being sealed and the contact pressure between the seal faces. A balanced seal is designed so that the effective contact pressure is always less than the fluid pressure, reducing friction at the seal faces. The result is less rubbing wear, less heat generated and the seal can accommodate higher pressures. Balanced seals extend the application of mechanical seals up to about 1250 psi.
Hydraulic balance refers to the relationship between the pressure of the fluid being sealed and the contact pressure between the seal faces. A balanced seal is designed so that the effective contact pressure is always less than the fluid pressure, reducing friction at the seal faces. In an unbalanced seal, the seal faces withstand full system hydraulic and surge pressures in addition to spring pressure. The hydraulic pressure is not relieved by the face geometry, so the face contact pressure is greater than or equal to the fluid pressure.
Mechanical seals that are dependant on the direction of rotation are those that transmit torque using a conical spring or those that are equipped with a pumping screw.
The spring element (or bellows) is not in direct contact with the sealed medium.
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This is the direction of a shaft's rotation as seen from the drive. Mechanical seals that are dependant on the direction of rotation are those that transmit torque using a conical spring or those that are equipped with a pumping screw.
A left-hand (counter-clockwise) rotating shaft utilizing a left-hand spring.
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Material Code P. The term "cast iron" refers not to a single material, but to a family of materials whose major constituent is iron, with important amounts of carbon and silicon. Cast irons are natural composite materials whose properties are determined by their microstructures - the stable and metastable phases formed during solidification or subsequent heat treatment. The major microstructural constituents of cast irons are: the chemical and morphological forms taken by carbon, and the continuous metal matrix in which the carbon and/or carbide are dispersed.
Material Code E. A stainless steel. Chromium is an alloying element that is the essential stainless steel raw material for corrosion resistance. A film that naturally forms on the surface of stainless steel self-repairs in the presence of oxygen if the steel is damaged mechanically or chemically and thus prevents corrosion from occurring.
Material Code F. A stainless steel. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
Material Code G. A stainless steel. Molybdenum is an alloying element used as a raw material for some classes of stainless steel. Molybdenum in the presence of chromium enhances the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.
Material Code M. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
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Material Code V. Aluminum-Oxide ceramics main characteristics are: hardness, high strength, excellent abrasion resistance, good thermal conductivity, electrical insulation at high temperatures, corrosion resistance in diluted acids, capable of being highly polished, high temperature resistance and high temperature change resistance.
Material Code U. The transition metal carbides are known as refractory hard materials, and have a unique combination of properties, e.g. high hardness, high melting point, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance.
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Material Code Y. PTFE is an insoluble compound that exhibits a high degree of chemical resistance and a low coefficient of friction. It is sometimes marketed in proprietary classes of materials such as Teflon®.
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Material Code P. The term "cast iron" refers not to a single material, but to a family of materials whose major constituent is iron, with important amounts of carbon and silicon. Cast irons are natural composite materials whose properties are determined by their microstructures - the stable and metastable phases formed during solidification or subsequent heat treatment. The major microstructural constituents of cast irons are: the chemical and morphological forms taken by carbon, and the continuous metal matrix in which the carbon and/or carbide are dispersed.
Material Code E. A stainless steel. Chromium is an alloying element that is the essential stainless steel raw material for corrosion resistance. A film that naturally forms on the surface of stainless steel self-repairs in the presence of oxygen if the steel is damaged mechanically or chemically and thus prevents corrosion from occurring.
Material Code F. A stainless steel. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
Material Code G. A stainless steel. Molybdenum is an alloying element used as a raw material for some classes of stainless steel. Molybdenum in the presence of chromium enhances the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.
Material Code M. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
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Material Code V. Aluminum-Oxide ceramics main characteristics are: hardness, high strength, excellent abrasion resistance, good thermal conductivity, electrical insulation at high temperatures, corrosion resistance in diluted acids, capable of being highly polished, high temperature resistance and high temperature change resistance.
Material Code U. The transition metal carbides are known as refractory hard materials, and have a unique combination of properties, e.g. high hardness, high melting point, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance.
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Material Code Y. PTFE is an insoluble compound that exhibits a high degree of chemical resistance and a low coefficient of friction. It is sometimes marketed in proprietary classes of materials such as Teflon®, a registered trademark of Dupont Dow Elastomers.
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Material Code E. A stainless steel. Chromium is an alloying element that is the essential stainless steel raw material for corrosion resistance. A film that naturally forms on the surface of stainless steel self-repairs in the presence of oxygen if the steel is damaged mechanically or chemically and thus prevents corrosion from occurring.
Material Code F. A stainless steel. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
Material Code M. Nickel is an alloying element used as a raw material for certain classes of stainless steel. Nickel provides high degrees of ductility (ability to change shape without fracture) as well as resistance to corrosion. Approximately 65% of all nickel is used in the making of stainless steel.
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Material Code B. Butyl is a common term used for the isobutylene isoprene elastomer. It is known for its resistance to water, steam, alkalis, and oxygenated solvents. It has low gas permeation and is capable of providing high energy absorption (dampening) and good hot tear strength. Suggested operating temperature (-75° to 250° F).
Material Code E. Good resistance to sunlight, weathering and ozone. It has poor resistance to petroleum oils and fuel. Good heat and compression set resistance. Suggested operating temperature (-70° to 275° F). Trade names include Nordel® (Dupont Dow Elastomers), Vistalon® (ExxonMobil Chemical), Epsyn® (DSM Elastomers), Royalene® (Uniroyal Chemical), and Epcar® (B.F. Goodrich).
Material Code V. A range of fluoropolymer elastomers whose formulation can be tailored to a reasonable extent to meet the needs of individual end-uses. They are normally black and have high heat, oil and chemical resistance but indifferent low temperature performance. With the exception of Kalrez® perfluorinated elastomer, they are about the most highly temperature resistant of all commercially available elastomers. Trade names include Viton® (Dupont Dow Elastomers), Fluorel®, AflasTM (3M Corporation), Dai-El® (Dailin), and Technoflon® (Montedison).
Material Code P. Good resistance to petroleum hydrocarbons and fuels. Widely used with most oils, hydraulic fluids, and alcohol. Many compound variations are available for specific applications. Suggested operating temperature (-30° to 275° F). Trade names include Breon® (BP Chemicals), Chemigum® (Goodyear), Hycar® (B F Goodrich), Krynac® (Polysar Ltd.), Nipol® (Zeon Chemicals), Nysyn® NBR; (DSM Elastomers), Paracril® (Uniroyal Chemical), and Perbunan® (Mobay).
Material Code N. A synthetic rubber that resists degradation from sun, ozone, and weather. It performs well in contact with oils and many chemicals. Neoprene remains useful over a wide temperature range, displays outstanding physical toughness, and resists burning inherently better than exclusively hydrocarbon rubbers. Neoprene also offers resistance to damage caused by flexing and twisting. Suggested operating temperature (-45° to 230° F).&; Trade names include Neoprene (Dupont Dow), Baypren®, (Mobay), and Butachlor® (Ditsugil).
Material Code M. PTFE is an insoluble compound that exhibits a high degree of chemical resistance and a low coefficient of friction. It is sometimes marketed in proprietary classes of materials such as Teflon®, a registered trademark of Dupont Dow Elastomers.
Material Code S. Silicone has a broad temperature range and is generally odorless / non-toxic. It provides high resistance to sun, ozone, and fungus. However it has poor tear and abrasion strength, and poor resistance to oils. Suggested operating temperature (-65° to 450° F).&; Trade names include Silastic® (Dow Chemical), Rhodorsil® (Rhone-Poulenc Inc.), and SILPLUS® (General Electric Co.).
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Material Code T. PTFE is an insoluble compound that exhibits a high degree of chemical resistance and a low coefficient of friction. It is sometimes marketed in proprietary classes of materials such as Teflon®, a registered trademark of Dupont Dow Elastomers.
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