Oscillators are devices that are used to generate repetitive signals. They produce output signals without an input signal. There are two major types of electronic oscillators: harmonic oscillators and relaxation oscillators. Harmonic oscillators produce sine wave outputs. Relaxation oscillators produce non-sine wave outputs such as square wave, rectangular wave, and sawtooth outputs

Wave washers or wave springs are wavy metal washers designed to provide a compensating spring force and sustain a load or absorb shock

Pulser and receivers generate ultrasonic pulses, which are propagated into materials for NDT testing.

Potentiostats and galvanostats are electrochemical instruments used in electrochemistry, battery and fuel cell testing, corrosion control, voltammetry, biomedical research, surface imaging, and related applications.

Frequency counters are digital indicating meters for accurate measurement and display of square wave and pulse input signals

DC to AC inverters are used for converting direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). They are also known as DC to AC converters.

IC waveform synthesizers and function generators provide several different waveforms or functions at the desired frequency.

Welding machines and joining machines include all manner of devices used for welding, brazing and soldering.

Rectifier diodes are designed for use in rectification circuits. Rectifiers are used to convert AC to DC.

Long pass filters transmit a wide spectral band of long wavelength radiation while blocking short wavelength radiation. Short pass filters transmit a wide spectral band of short wavelength radiation and block long wave radiation

Programmable power supplies are digitally controlled power sources that provide accurate and adjustable levels of voltage, current, and frequency. They include a processor, voltage/current programming circuits, current shunt, and voltage/current read-back circuits.

Phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizers are electronic devices that produce frequencies coherent to a reference frequency.

AC power sources provide alternating power and typically have adjustable output values for the testing of component response at various voltage, current and frequency levels.

Signal generators and waveform generators are used to test and align all types of transmitters and receivers, to measure frequency and to generate a signal, waveform or noise source. Signal generators can use AC energy, audio frequency (AF) and radio frequency (RF) to function.

Calibration instruments use electrical signals or physical quantities to calibrate sensors and meters. Devices that produce electrical signals can serve as precise meters for sensor calibration, or send output signals to other devices.